In regards to the Tegetthof BBs, they were done really cheap.
We've all seen that video of one turning turlte with loads of sailors running over the bottom of the ship.
Reason was the lack of internal water tight divisions. Small ships, like Forrest Sherman DDs, had five watertight spaces. If three remained unbreached, the ship had positive buoyancy.
The Tegetthofs had not even that. One torpedo was all it took.
Also, they skimped on the turret ventilation. They couldn't fire consistently for over ten minutes, or the crew began to pass out from lack of oxygen.
"These things must be done delicately-- or you hurt the spell." - The Wicked Witch of the West.
"We've got the torpedo damage temporarily shored up, the fires out and soon will have the ship back on an even keel. But I would suggest, sir, that if you have to take any more torpedoes, you take 'em on the starboard side." Pops Healy, DCA USS Lexington.